系统内冗余或重复数据的度量，表明存储和潜在性能问题效率低下。
1 NO = 0.6 FDR
1 FDR = 1.667 NO
例子:
将15 网络高架冗余转换为频级冗余：
15 NO = 9 FDR
| 网络高架冗余 | 频级冗余 |
|---|---|
| 0.01 NO | 0.006 FDR |
| 0.1 NO | 0.06 FDR |
| 1 NO | 0.6 FDR |
| 2 NO | 1.2 FDR |
| 3 NO | 1.8 FDR |
| 5 NO | 3 FDR |
| 10 NO | 6 FDR |
| 20 NO | 12 FDR |
| 30 NO | 18 FDR |
| 40 NO | 24 FDR |
| 50 NO | 30 FDR |
| 60 NO | 36 FDR |
| 70 NO | 42 FDR |
| 80 NO | 48 FDR |
| 90 NO | 54 FDR |
| 100 NO | 60 FDR |
| 250 NO | 150 FDR |
| 500 NO | 300 FDR |
| 750 NO | 450 FDR |
| 1000 NO | 600 FDR |
| 10000 NO | 6,000 FDR |
| 100000 NO | 60,000 FDR |
规则